The Kimberley Process is a joint initiative of governments, industry and civil society that seeks to stop the sale and distribution of conflict diamonds (blood diamonds). Conflict diamonds are used to finance militant insurgencies and movements to undermine established governments, especially in Africa. Countries that are particularly affected include Angola, Côte d’Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Sierra Leone. The so-called Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) works to prevent trade in conflict diamonds by requiring certification of the origin of diamond shipments.