Breadcrumb
Kenya
The role of CSR
Corporate social responsibility is a relatively new topic in Kenya. Since government authorities alone are unable to combat poverty and ensure sustainable development, international organizations, local NGOs and national and international companies need to support them in their efforts.
United Nations programs have been among the first to introduce the concept of CSR to Kenya. They include the UN Global Compact, the UNDP Growing Sustainable Business Initiative and the UNIDO project for the electrification of rural areas (Lighting up Kenya).
As they apply their international standards on the ground, major foreign enterprises are the engine that drives CSR efforts in Kenya. German companies, too, are involved in a wide variety of CSR activities, including creating foundations and supporting initiatives launched by their employees. These companies, some of which are members of the German Business Association, often work together with UNEP and the World Bank.
Kenyan companies, too, are actively engaged in social issues. They need to meet the expectations of their foreign trading partners in such areas as labor standards and environmental protection. Fair trade standards are playing an increasingly important role in the coffee, tea, flower and food industries, which are of particular importance to Kenya. Some companies are marketing innovative products to low-income consumers. For example, the telecommunications enterprise Safaricom has introduced M-Pesa, a service that allows its customers to transfer money using a mobile telephone. CSR is of virtually no significance for smaller companies and the sizable informal sector.
While politicians and society at large are aware of the structural changes that are taking place, CSR is not a major topic of discussion, nor does it receive a great deal of attention from the Kenyan media.
CSR understanding
In Kenya, CSR is viewed as a matter of philanthropy and services for local communities. A project that has received a great deal of attention is Adopt-A-Light, which is using funds provided by corporate advertising to install lights to make the streets safer, especially in the slums of Nairobi. The press covers this campaign and the companies associated with it on a regular basis.
Certain companies have also integrated CSR into their core business (although they do not always call it by that name). Examples include M-Pesa’s mobile banking services, which allow people without a bank account to transfer money using their mobile telephones, and Equity Bank, which makes bank accounts available to the poor. Segera Conservancy, a German-owned private cattle and wildlife ranch, was the first company in Kenya to submit voluntarily to an audit by the Fair Labor Association.
Expectations towards companies
In Kenya, companies are expected to make investments, create jobs and provide training opportunities. Corporate support for vocational training is particularly important because Kenyan workers often lack necessary skills.
Companies are also expected to be engaged in society and to provide help when it is needed. The government has made this very clear to the German embassy and German organizations. Local authorities generally communicate with companies directly.
In particular, foreign companies are expected to play a role in their immediate areas of influence, for example by providing housing, transportation, medical services, pensions and health insurance for their employees and their families. Education, too, is an important area in which companies can make a contribution. Especially in rural areas, the public educational system often leaves much to be desired, and many people cannot afford to send their children to private schools. Companies often set up foundations or aid funds in these areas.
Basic conditions
Government regulations – Implementation of international regulations
ILO
Kenya has ratified seven out of eight core labor standards (forced labor, C29/C105; freedom of association, C98; discrimination, C100/C111; child labor, C138/C182). The only one that has not been ratified is C87, on the right to organize.
However, the implementation of these standards is another matter, as companies are often preoccupied with short-term gain. Since the few trade unions that exist are weak and corrupt, their influence is minimal. The ILO labor standards are unlikely to be enforced in rural areas.
While child labor is the exception in Nairobi, it is common in rural regions. Particularly during the harvest season, children and young people skip school to help out in the fields.
Although there are minimum-wage regulations, they are often ignored. Day laborers, women and children are especially unlikely to be paid the minimum wage. Women frequently receive lower compensation than men for comparable work, and in many cases the only jobs available to them are in the informal sector.
The Kenyan company Cirio Delmonte is publicly calling for adherence to the ILO labor standards. Seeking to be a role model for other companies, it has signed the Social Accountability agreement to improve working conditions.
Economic initiatives
CSR tools for private industry
GLOBAL COMPACT network
The Global Compact network has 59 members in Kenya. The on-site contact is the Kenya Association of Manufacturers, which took over the network from UNDP in 2009.
Contact:
Ms. Damaris Kimilu
damaris (dot) kimilu (at) kam (dot) co (dot) ke
Areas of activity
Poverty
Kenya is a low-wage country with a high unemployment rate – approximately 40 percent. More than 50 percent of the population lives under the national poverty line, and poverty is a particularly serious problem in rural areas. Combating poverty and creating jobs are two of the government’s primary goals. However, there is no evidence of effective action to achieve them. The current economic crisis, persistent administrative inefficiency and the dismal state of the healthcare and educational sectors have exacerbated the problem of poverty in Kenya. Moreover, a dry summer in 2009 and an inflation rate of more than 20 percent have led to steep increases in the price of basic foods, which is especially hard on low-income households.
Basic information
- Life expectancy: Total population: 57.9 years; men: 57.5 years; women: 58.2 years (2009 est.)
- Infant mortality: Total: 54 deaths/1,000 births; boys: 58 deaths/1,000 births; girls: 51 deaths/1,000 births (2009 est.)
- Malnutrition (among children under the age of 5): 18% (2000)
- Access to clean water: 49% (rural), 85% (urban) (2006)
- Access to sanitary facilities: 41% (rural), 46% (urban) (2004)
- Population below the poverty line: 55% (2008)
- Human Poverty Index ranking: 60th of 108 (2007/2008)
- Gini Index: 42.5% (2006)
Basic government services related to education, healthcare and social security are inadequate. Accordingly, foreign companies are expected to take care of their employees and serve as role models for domestic enterprises, not only by paying workers regularly, at a level above the minimum wage, but also by offering additional benefits such as healthcare, training and pension contributions.
Participants
Possible German partners for companies include development cooperation organizations (GTZ, German Development Service (DED), KfW) and German Trade and Invest GmbH.
GTZ Office Nairobi
Hendrik Linneweber (director)
Email: hendrik (dot) linneweber (at) gtz (dot) de
Tel: +254 20 4228 000
http://www.gtz.de/en/aktuell/1004.htm
German Development Service (DED)
Email: ken (at) ded (dot) de
Tel: +254 (0)20-422 8 151
http://www.ded.de/cipp/ded/custom/pub/content,lang,2/
oid,5/ticket,g_u_e_s_t/~/Homepage.html
KfW Office Kenya
Piet Kleffmann (director)
Email: kfw (dot) nairobi (at) kfw (dot) de
Tel.: +25 42 04 22 82 00
http://www.kfw-entwicklungsbank.de/EN_Home/LocalPresence/Sub-Sahara62/Office_Kenya/index.jsp
Germany Trade and Invest
Katrin Weiper
Email: katrin (dot) weiper (at) gtai (dot) de
Tel.: +49 221 2057 - 492
http://www.gtai.com/web_en/homepage
UNDP
With its Growing Sustainable Business initiative, the United Nations Development Program engages in dialogue with companies and cooperates with them on projects to combat poverty.
http://www.undp.org/partners/business/gsb/kenya.shtml
CARE International
CARE Kenya has been active in the country since 1968. It works closely together with companies, the government and other NGOs on emergency supply and anti-poverty projects.
http://www.careinternational.org/
Kenya Federation for Alternative Trade (KEFAT)
KEFAT is the umbrella association of fair trade organizations in Kenya. Its goal is to improve the living and working conditions of small-scale farmers and facilitate their access to markets.
http://www.cofta.org/en/en/countrynetworks.asp?countrynetworkid=1
Eastern African Farmers Federation
The Eastern African Farmers Federation is a farmers' association in East Africa that promotes the interests of its members and holds training events and conferences to facilitate an exchange of knowledge.
http://www.eaffu.org/go/
Komaza
Komaza is an NGO that addresses the causes of poverty and promotes sustainable economic development in rural communities. Its largest project is a reforestation effort carried out by local farmers
http://www.komaza.org
The Maralink Eco-Volunteers
Maralink is is a Volunteer abroad organization working in internationla volunteer placements in Kenya. They offer a variety of programs which include: Community development and health, teaching, Maasai teaching, Maasai Medical, summercamps, gap year programs, environmental sustainability and rehabilitation programs, eco-tours and safaris around Kenya, adventure and sports as well as orphanages- children's homes- and special needs schools -programs. In all such programs Maralink synergizes volunteering with adventure.
http://www.themaralink.com
Companies can also help the poor find sources of income, for example by purchasing from small-scale farmers. In many cases this means first creating the necessary logistical infrastructure and providing training and higher-yield seeds so that these farmers can become more efficient. This is often done in cooperation with NGOs or the government.
Company examples
Bayer CropScience
As part of its food-chain partnership approach, Bayer CropScience has launched a training program for small-scale farmers to increase their productivity and enhance the quality of their products. The Green World project raises awareness of the risks of unapproved substances, the productive use of fertilizers and pesticides, and agricultural methods.
http://www.bayercropscience.com/bcsweb/cropprotection.nsf/
id/DE_Das_Green_World-Projekt_in_Kenia
Providing access to energy is another way to fight poverty. Both biogas and solar panels have great potential, especially in Kenya’s rural areas. On behalf of the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi), GTZ and the East Africa Project Development Program (PDP) are assisting German companies as they move into the energy markets of East Africa.
Education
Basic information
- Public spending on education (share of GDP): 8.1% (2006)
- Compulsory school attendance: 6-14 years
- Average length of schooling: 6 years
- Literacy (definition: individuals over the age of 15 who can read and write): Total population: 85.1%; male: 90.6%; female: 79.9%
- HDI Education Index 2008/2009: 144th of 179
In the late 1980s, the Kenyan government introduced the so-called 8-4-4 educational system: eight years of compulsory primary school, four years of optional secondary school and four years of college or university. Since 2003, primary schools have been free, and this has led to very large classes and a dramatic increase in the overall number of students. Some secondary schools are now free as well. The top secondary school students can study tuition-free at the country’s seven public universities. All other students have the option of attending private universities if they can afford the required tuition fees.
Participants
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
Email: info (dot) nairobi (at) kas (dot) de
Tel.: +254 20 2725957
The Konrad Adenauer Stiftung promotes the teaching of civics in the schools; together with a partner organization, it has developed a curriculum and instructional materials aimed at making civics a regular part of primary and secondary school instruction.
http://www.kas.de/proj/home/home/31/2/index.html
Badilika
Badilika is a German association that supports educational and social projects for children in Kenya. It advises and finances the hiring of teachers and staff at children’s centers in Vikwatani/Mombasa; in Ngong Hills, near Nairobi; and in Nyabeda, located in the Nyanza district. Its main objective is to ensure that children from these districts have access to good education. It is also planning to offer advanced training.
http://www.badilika.org
The supply of teachers is a general problem. For one thing, there are not enough qualified teachers; and for another, it is not uncommon for teachers to go on strike to protest the irregular payment of their salaries, which are low to begin with.
Company examples
Many German companies are involved in education in Kenya, primarily in the following areas:
- Supporting local schools by providing instructional materials and furnishings: The Berlitz Foundation, for example, has built toilet facilities and provided furniture for preschools, as well as training teachers. http://www.berlitz.de/de/berlitz_company/berlitz_stiftung/projekte/
aktuelles_in_kenia.html - Basic and further training for company employees, such as computer courses and technical training with the parent company in Germany: Nineteen leading German companies, including Bosch, Daimler, SAP, E.ON and BASF, have launched AFRIKA KOMMT! (AFRICA IS COMING!), a German industry initiative for future leaders from sub-Saharan Africa. The pilot program includes a total of 20 young leaders from Kenya as well as other countries, and helps them expand their personal networks, become acquainted with Germany, learn the German language and participate in technical training.
www.afrika-kommt.de
Henkel Kenya
Approximately 40 percent of company employees complete a job-safety training course, which includes first-aid instruction and emergency planning.
http://www.henkel.com/sustainability/occupational-safety-12087.htm
Responsibility for vocational training lies primarily with companies, since there is no public vocational training system.
Health
Healthcare is entirely inadequate in Kenya, and payment is required for services. Only about a quarter of the Kenyan population has health insurance. Most people cannot afford to see a physician, or only with great difficulty. It has therefore become common for foreign companies and international organizations to offer their employees group health insurance policies.
Basic information
- Public spending on health: 4.6% (share of GDP, 2006)
- Medical care: 27.6 physicians per 100,000 people (2007), 121.9 nurses per 100,000 people (2007)
- Life expectancy: Total population: 57.9 years; men: 57.5 years; women: 58.2 years (2009 est.)
- Infant mortality: Total: 54 deaths/1,000 births; boys: 58 deaths/1,000 births; girls: 51 deaths/1,000 births (2009 est.)
- Maternal mortality: 560 deaths/100,000 births (2005)
- Individuals between the ages of 15 and 49 who are infected with HIV/AIDS: between 7.1 and 8.5% (2007 est.)
- HIV sufferers: 1.5−2 million (2007 est.)
- HIV deaths: between 85,000 and 130,000 (2007 est.)
The high rate of maternal and infant mortality in Kenya poses a particular challenge. Family planning services are unavailable. Since many women give birth under poor hygienic conditions and without a physician’s care, even minor complications can endanger the life of both mother and child. KfW supports a program that sells vouchers for subsidized delivery assistance at health centers.
Kenya has a higher percentage of HIV-infected persons than any other country in the world; estimates indicate that up to two million people are HIV positive. There are believed to be up to 1.4 million AIDS orphans. Development-cooperation organizations are involved in educational and preventive measures (such as distributing condoms) as well as in caring for those who are already infected.
Participants
National Empowerment Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Kenya (NEPHAK)
NEPHAK is an NGO that assists HIV-infected individuals in dealing with the consequences of their disease and works to improve their quality of life.
http://www.nephak.org/
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
The Global Fund is a financing mechanism that was established to combat AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. It finances projects and promotes the distribution of generic medications.
http://www.theglobalfund.org/en/
Fund Portfolio Manager Kenia:
Victor Bampoe
Victor (dot) Bampoe (at) TheGlobalFund (dot) org
http://www.theglobalfund.org/en/
Companies can also promote research activities in such fields as tropical diseases and veterinary medicine. Possible partners include the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute – Veterinary Vaccines Production Center (KARI) and Kenya Polytechnic University College.
Opportunities and risks
Engagement in this area entails no risk to German companies if they use local healthcare facilities. If a company wants to build its own hospital, however, it has to deal with the difficult process of obtaining permission. It is therefore advisable for companies to support Kenyan medical clinics and local hospitals.
Company examples
The German embassy in Nairobi is the site of the Regional Medical Office of the German Foreign Office for East and Southeast Africa. The regional physician works closely together with the Kenyan ministries responsible for health issues, evaluating and supporting the Kenyan healthcare system and providing advice about preventive measures for fighting epidemics and infectious diseases. The regional physician also cooperates with international organizations such as the UN and WHO to improve and expand Kenya’s healthcare system.
National and international organizations (UN, WHO, UNICEF, USAID, DFID, GTZ) work with NGOs and international companies to help needy Kenyans, particularly in the areas of medical care and HIV prevention.
Henkel Kenya
Henkel has developed a program to educate its employees about HIV/AIDS and provide effective medications for those who are already infected. The company also has a policy of non-discrimination and non-stigmatization.
http://www.henkel.com/sustainability/health-12086.htm
Political involvement
Basic information
The voting age in Kenya is 18.
German companies should not become involved in the political sphere, as this would be perceived as interference in internal affairs. However, Germany’s political foundations are engaged in projects to strengthen Kenya’s civil society, and companies might partner with them on community projects.
Participants
The Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES) is involved in two main areas in Kenya:
- Together with organizations in civil society and local administrations, FES regularly holds town hall meetings in volatile residential areas. This is an opportunity for residents to address the problems of scarce housing and inadequate infrastructure. It is also a forum for discussing appropriate conduct and reconciling differing interests (between tenants and landlords, for example), thereby helping to resolve or avoid conflicts. Companies might facilitate this process by providing material assistance.
- The foundation has initiated several training and alumni programs for up-and-coming leaders in politics, the media, the trade unions and NGOs. These programs help to impart expertise and ethical values to a new generation of political and social decision makers. Companies can provide grants to support these programs, but they have no influence on program content.
http://kenya.fes-international.de/
The Heinrich Böll Foundation focuses on the following:
- It promotes women’s participation in the political process, for example by educating women who are running for political office. Public discussions highlight the gender dimension of ongoing political debates (about current reforms, for example). The foundation assists selected state institutions in their efforts to include the gender dimension in their planning and monitoring efforts.
- The foundation trains civil-society organizations – such as environmental and youth groups as well as interested politicians and businesspeople – to raise awareness of climate issues. It helps them develop strategies for action and influence political decision makers.
It assists civil-society groups addressing the social and ecological consequences of extracting natural resources. Kenya’s regional focus is on the salt farms located north of the coastal city of Malindi.
http://www.boell.or.ke/http://www.boell.or.ke/
The Konrad Adenauer Stiftung (KAS) is involved in three areas:
- The foundation’s Kenya program focuses on political education. It supports civics classes in schools as well as teacher training, and cooperates with local civic associations to monitor the use of public funds. It issues publications, holds conferences on constitutional reform, and works together with parliament and individual parties.
- The KAS program on the rule of law encompasses all of sub-Saharan Africa and promotes democratic constitutions, the separation of powers and an independent judiciary system. It advocates legal protection against government action and citizens’ access to the courts.
An EU-supported KAS project is training local NGOs in the areas of conflict recognition, mediation and prevention with the goal of preventing crises like the one that followed the elections in December 2007.
http://www.kas.de/proj/home/home/31/2/index.html
The Hanns Seidel Foundation is involved in three areas:
- Political education and civics:
The foundation holds seminars that train over 10,000 selected representatives of civil society each year. Targeted training activities enable participants to exercise their political rights and play a greater role in political and social processes. These activities focus on support for democracy, human rights, environmental protection and conflict prevention. - Combating corruption:
The foundation informs citizens’ representatives in selected electoral districts and cities about how they can monitor public budgets and national development funds. - Security policy:
The foundation promotes a dialogue on security policy among the security sector, parliament and Kenya’s academic community. One goal is to encourage a discussion of necessary reforms.
http://www.hss.or.ke/index.htm
Pact Kenya
Pact Kenya is a regional NGO that supports civil society by offering training programs, helping to build up organizational structures and contributing financial assistance to raise the standard of living in communities.
http://www.pactkenya.org
Participation in society
Targeted support, particularly in rural areas, can strengthen the position of women in society. Women make up roughly 50 percent of company employees. While some women hold leadership positions, in general they are underrepresented at the management level. Although women are becoming increasingly active in political life, in rural areas there are significant cultural and religious obstacles to gender equality.
Basic information
- Women as a percentage of the workforce: 47.1% (2005)
- Ethnic groups: Kikuyu (22%), Luhya (14%), Luo (13%), Kalenjin (12%), Kamba (11%), Kisii (6%), Meru (6%), other African ethnic groups (15%), other (1%)
Disabled people have equal rights on paper, but not always in practice. Companies are showing responsibility by employing the disabled. Life is difficult for disabled individuals in Kenya, who receive inadequate support. In many cases they receive an inferior education and end up in poverty.
Participants
In addition to GTZ, KfW and the German Development Service (DED), German political foundations such as the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung and the Heinrich Böll Foundation are active in this area.
The Coalition on Violence Against Women
The Coalition on Violence Against Women is an NGO that advocates women’s rights and opposes violence against women.
http://www.covaw.or.ke/
Sightsavers International
Sightsavers International is an NGO that works to eliminate avoidable blindness and promote equal rights for blind people.
http://www.sightsavers.org/default.html
The history and composition of Kenya’s population have been shaped by the interactions and conflicts between different ethnic groups. It is no wonder that most Kenyans identify first with their ethnic groups and only then with their country. This was evident in the violent and bloody confrontations that followed the 2007 presidential elections. Companies should avoid supporting individual ethnic groups.
Environment
There is growing awareness in Kenya of the importance of environmental protection and sustainability, not least because Kenya is the home of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and regularly hosts major conferences on environmental issues. The selection of the environmental activist Prof. Wangari Maathai (Africa’s “Mother of Trees”) to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 also drew public attention to environmental issues. Kenya became a partner of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in June 2009.
Basic information
- CO2 emissions: 12,151 metric tons (88th of 212 countries)
- Annual CO2 emissions per capita: 0.31 metric tons (2005)
- Annual water consumption per capita: 46 m3 (2000)
- Electricity production: 5.223 billion kWh (2008 est.)
- Electricity consumption: 4.863 billion kWh (2008 est.)
One of Kenya’s most serious problems is a lack of land, an issue that has become even more critical because of population growth and an unequal distribution of land use. This has resulted in soil overuse, illegal use of land, and deforestation, leading in turn to erosion, a decline in biodiversity and a worsening water shortage – a problem that the effects of global climate change have only exacerbated. In addition, Kenya is struggling with the environmental problems that are typical of urban regions, such as inadequate waste removal and air and water pollution. Although the Kenyan government is aware of all of these issues, its environmental initiatives have so far been ineffective.
Participants
The main partners for companies in Kenya are the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA), the Kenya Forestry Research Institute and, in particular, the Kenya Wildlife Service.
UNEP
At the international level, one of the foremost contacts in Nairobi is the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP).
http://www.unep.org/
Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development
The NGO Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development is active all over the world. It was founded in 1985 and is dedicated to preserving the environment and natural resources.
http://www.winrock.org
Kenya Organisation for Environmental Education
The Kenya Organization for Environmental Education is active in the educational sphere.
http://www.koee.org/koee/
African Conservation Centre
The African Conservation Center is an NGO that seeks to preserve biodiversity in Africa and promotes environmental protection.
http://www.conservationafrica.org/en/about-us.html
East African Wildlife Society
The East African Wildlife Society is an NGO that is dedicated to the preservation and sustainable utilization of the animal kingdom in East Africa. To that end, it engages in lobbying activities, promotes environmental education and efforts to raise awareness as well as nature conservancy projects.
http://eawildlife.org/
Green Belt Movement
The Green Belt Movement is an NGO that focuses on environmental protection, community development and the acquisition of knowledge. Its founder, Prof. Wangari Maathai, received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 in recognition of her efforts. http://greenbeltmovement.org/w.php?id=61
The Maralink Eco-Volunteers
Maralink is is a Volunteer abroad organization working in internationla volunteer placements in Kenya. They offer a variety of programs which include: Community development and health, teaching, Maasai teaching, Maasai Medical, summercamps, gap year programs, environmental sustainability and rehabilitation programs, eco-tours and safaris around Kenya, adventure and sports as well as orphanages- children's homes- and special needs schools -programs. In all such programs Maralink synergizes volunteering with adventure.
http://www.themaralink.com
Given Kenya’s serious problems in the areas of water, forests and energy, there are numerous opportunities for German companies to become involved. They might, for example, provide renewable sources of energy. Companies also need to determine whether every link in their value chains is environmentally friendly and make changes accordingly. Kenya’s inadequate water supply and limited rainfall pose a major challenge, particularly to farmers. Efforts to collect and reuse rainwater are minimal; this area offers promising opportunities for German companies.
German enterprises might also become involved in reforestation initiatives. However, they must bear in mind that reforestation almost always means resettlement, which can only be carried out with the utmost caution and the input of all relevant stakeholders.
Company examples
Osram
OSRAM has launched a pilot project in Kenya to produce light independent of a permanent power supply and without damaging the environment. At a specially constructed energy station, the local population can recharge batteries for energy-saving lamps and other electrical appliances. OSRAM also sells the lamps used for this purpose.
http://www.siemens.com/responsibility/de/entwicklung/off_grid.htm
Companies might also promote research activities. An important area is agronomic research to develop high-quality seeds or plants that are well suited to Kenya’s conditions (reforestation), perhaps in cooperation with the Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI).
Other
Corruption
Corruption is an issue that poses a challenge to all of society, the government and the business world. Companies need to liveup to their responsibilities in this area. Kenya ranks 147th of 182 countries in the Transparency International Corruption Perception Index. Both domestic and foreign companies encounter corruption on a daily basis. The media report regularly and extensively on corruption, and have been successful as whistleblowers. The Kenyan government is under increasing pressure to combat corruption swiftly, effectively and publicly. So far, however, no visible results have been achieved.
Data & facts
Further links
- Bertelsmann Transformation Index - Country Report Kenya
- BMZ - partner country Kenya
- Center for Corporate Governance, Nairobi
- Country Office UNDP - Kenya
- East African CSR Award
- Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany, Nairobi
- GTZ in Kenya
- HDI Kenya
- Information on Kenya, German Federal Foreign Office
- Kenya Private Sector Alliance (KEPSA)
- KfW country information Kenya
- The Center For Social Responsibility and Accountability Kenya
- Transparency International Corruption Index
- Ufadhili Trust
Further studies
- CSR and Climate Change Conference, PDF 352 KB
- Transparency International Kenya (2008): Kenyan corruption report, PDF 414 KB
- Mumo Kivuitu, Kavwanga Yambayamba and Tom Fox (2005): How can Corporate Social Responsibility Deliver in Africa? Insights from Kenya and Zambia , PDF 55 KB
- Ufadhili Trust: Overview of CSR in Kenya, PDF 110 KB